M.Sc Tezi Görüntüleme | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Summary: The Japanese garden design, which has been deeply influenced by the Korean and Chinese garden designs, and which has become one with its own cultural and artistic lives, and its original concept principles has gained a very important place in the world and has influenced many countries including our country. The seven historical garden periods have been formed in the process by which the Japanese garden were influenced by the cultural, social, religious and artistic facts.The influences and differences of cultural, social, artistic and religious events have affected the garden scales, designed element and design techniques in the periods which are called Nara, Heian, Kamakura, Muromachi, Momoyama, Edo and Meiji. In Nara period, the Japanese garden design has been influenced by the Korean and Chinese garden design. By the touch of Shinto and Budizm temple gardens are design in this area. The Chinese culture and the touch of Shinto and Budizm has deeply continued also in Heian and Kamakura. In these two eras large scaled pond gardens has become important. In Muromachi and Momoyama eras, new and effective trends has been in Japanese garden design by the influence of Zen culture. Zen temple gardens dry landscape gardens, tea ceremony and as a result of this ceremony: tea gardens, ink landscape paintings, bonsai and flower arrangement have been seen in Japanese garden design by the influence of the Zen sect and the monks of this sect. Edo and Meiji are accepted as the eras in which Japanese garden design has been westernized. Areas of land in which there were large scaled hills and pond gardens were designed as a result of the influence on the garden elements and techniques by the west.The design elements of the Japanese garden design are plants, rocks, water, sand and gravel. Fences and walls, bridges, stone lanterns, water basins, and floor covering are used functionally and esthetically by the use of these design elements. The trio of plant-rock-water which are the Japanese gardens has changed in the history. However, the Japanese design technique which consists of the admiration of nature, simplicity and symbolism which is the major philosophy of the design and being esthetic has been protected in these eras.Key Words: Japanese Garden, Muromachi Period, Momoyama Period, Temple Gardens | |||||||||||||||||||||