| Student: |
Emel ABDİOĞLU |
| Supervisor: |
Prof. Dr. Mehmet ARSLAN |
| Department: |
Jeoloji Mühendisliği |
| Institution: |
Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences |
| University: |
Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey |
|
| Title of the Thesis: |
NATURE AND ORIGIN of HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION of THE KUTLULAR (SÜRMENE-TRABZON) MASSIVE SULPHIDE DEPOSIT, USING CLAY MINERALOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY and STABLE ISOTOPES |
| Level: |
Ph.D. |
| Acceptance Date: |
11/2/2008 |
| Number of Pages: |
287 |
| Registration Number: |
Di623 |
|
| Summary: The Kutlular volcanics are tholeiitic-transitional and calc-alkaline in character. The trace element patterns show considerable K, Rb, Ba and Th enrichment and Sr, Ti and P depletion relative to N-MORB. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are pronounced by positive and negative Eu and Ce anomalies, indicating alteration by sulphide-sulfate forming fluids. Based on mineral (MINSQ), mass transfer and factor analysis data, the footwall- and hanging-wall alteration zones show systematic changes with increasing proximity to the ore; Na and Ca depletion, K and Si enrichment, increases in alteration index and chlorite-carbonate-pyrite index and decreases in 18O and 34S. The chlorite and 18O geothermometry give temperatures; 184-250°C for chlorite, 77-118°C for kaolenite, 87-134°C for smectite, 121-186°C for illite/smectite and 149-323°C for illite. 34S values vary ‰3.6-4.8 for pyritic ore and ‰4.4-6 for whole rock. K-Ar dating on illite/smectites (75-91.3 Ma) indicates a complex illitization process by the beginning of Campanian time.
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