Ph.D. Tezi Görüntüleme | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary: Forest ecosystem is affected by any interference especially most of all by forest road construction. Forest roads are the unavoidable infrastructure foundations in performing forest activities. Rock blasting excavation is inevitable during the forest road construction on mountainous steep terrain. Rock blasting methods without using appropriate techniques cause serious environmental damages. In this dissertation, the rock drilling and blasting technique and its environmental effects were investigated on five different forest roads at Regional Forest District of Trabzon. By determining designing parameters of each blasting application, the effects of current rock blasting technique on the environmental were determined. In terms of reducing rock flying, ground vibration and air blasts due to rock blasting, environmentally acceptable rock blasting design and model was suggested.Granite, limestone, basalt, basaltic tuff, and volcanic breccias type rocks were blasted by using explosives at the forest roads construction of study area. By determining the parameters causing rock flying, a model was developed to estimate the distance of flying rocks. As the environmental effects of rock blasting, potential damages of ground vibration and air blast were evaluated by considering national and international standards. Besides, difficulties of excavation operation by using rock blasting method and the necessities of drilling-blasting operation were investigated. The results from the research indicated that the current rock drilling and blasting operations on forest roads were performed according to work experiences, especially the stemming length was applied shorter than it should have been, delay time capsules have been used randomly, and rock flying generated serious damages on forest trees. The rock flying due to rock blasting applied on forest roads will be estimated by using the model developed in this research. Besides, by using the model developed to estimate maximum particle velocity, blasting designs will be generated by predetermining probability of the damages according to scaled distance. Thus, the rock drilling-blasting designs, considering productivity of rock blasting and its environmental criteria, should be implemented in constructing future forest roads.Key Words: Forest Road Construction, Rock Blasting, Environmental Effect, Steep Terrain, | |||||||||||||||||||||